Shaping the global governance of quantum technology for sustainable development
As countries adopt quantum strategies to bolster national sovereignty, security and local workforce development, it is important to factor in the learnings from past tech waves, such as artificial intelligence, namely that multilateral governance and international cooperation on research and development are also critical. With quantum computing still in its early stages, there is a timely opportunity to shape global governance and explore impactful applications for society and our planet.
Socially driven quantum initiatives are emerging in key areas, including XPRIZE Quantum Applications and Wellcome Leap Q4Bio, as well as Q4Climate and the Quantum Energy Initiative. More broadly, the Open Quantum Institute, launched by the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator and hosted at CERN, focuses on exploring future applications that support the Sustainable Development Goals. With OQI’s support, quantum and subject matter experts worldwide are collaborating with intergovernmental organisations and major non-governmental organisations to assess the potential of quantum computing in addressing challenges related to at least five of the 17 SDGs.
The same power that drives quantum breakthroughs also brings risks: its rapid development may outpace equitable access frameworks, exacerbating existing global inequalities. Much of the infrastructure, supply chain and intellectual property in quantum computing is currently concentrated in a few countries and private corporations, creating the risk of technological monopolisation. Without anticipatory governance, this dual-use technology could undermine digital safety, and fuel geopolitical tensions. If development is driven solely by strategic or commercial interests, it risks diverging from the potential SDG impact.
Quantum computing could further deepen the digital divide – intensifying disparities in economic competitiveness, development and societal balance – if digital inclusivity and economic inclusivity are not proactively addressed, much like the inequities caused by limited access to conventional computing. It is crucial to develop an anticipatory approach that is accompanied with action-oriented engagement. Thereby, a first level of action would entail providing more inclusive access, facilitated by the availability of more quantum computers via the cloud. A second level would involve building capacity globally in training experts in quantum computing.
Cooperative governance to support ambitions for the SDGs
Progress in global quantum governance is beginning to take shape through a range of cooperative efforts that recognise both the promise and the complexity of quantum technologies. As quantum computing capabilities mature, a shared understanding is emerging that governance frameworks must be anticipatory, inclusive and rooted in the values of safety, equity and long-term sustainability.
The OQI exemplifies how quantum innovation can be guided by multilateral cooperation, scientific excellence and SDG-focused governance. The institute provides a neutral platform to accelerate multilateral dialogue and help shape effective governance of quantum computing for the SDGs.
In addition, relevant governance-oriented frameworks are taking shape, such as the World Economic Forum’s Quantum Computing Governance Principles that define global guidelines to assess and manage the opportunities and risks of quantum computing.
G7 leaders can shape the global quantum ecosystem
The G7 Kananaskis Summit – held during the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology – presents a crucial opportunity for global leadership. G7 members, as key drivers of quantum innovation, are well positioned to champion safe, inclusive and development-oriented governance.
First, G7 leaders should support, both politically and financially, initiatives dedicated to building inclusive capacity and accelerating applications for global challenges.
Second, the G7 should lead in integrating anticipatory governance into multilateral quantum strategies. This includes addressing emerging risks to digital infrastructure, embedding safety standards into research and development, and ensuring that quantum applications align with SDG outcomes.
Third, G7 members should support and facilitate international partnerships that bring together governments, industry and academia to share resources and build global capacity. By focusing joint efforts on high-impact areas – such as climate resilience, health innovation and sustainable food systems – quantum technologies can be deployed where they are needed most.
In doing so, the G7 can help shape a global ecosystem where quantum computing evolves not as a race for technological dominance, but as a shared venture in the service of humanity and the planet. Anticipation, equity and safety must be central to this endeavour if the quantum age is to deliver on its promise for sustainable development.
